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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells terminology
Release time:
2023-11-15
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells terminology
1 Range
This section defines the terms and definitions used in the field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology and its applications.
This part is applicable to various types of proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
2 Physical objects and abstract
2.1 Materials
2.1.1
Hydrogen storage material
Materials that can absorb, store under certain conditions, and release hydrogen when needed.
2.1.2
Electrocatalyst electrocatalyst
Substance that accelerates the electrode reaction process but is not itself consumed.
2.1.3
Non-precious metal catalyst
Catalyst without any precious metal composition.
Note: Precious metal elements include osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), gold (Au), silver (Ag).
2.1.4
Alloy catalyst
Catalyst composed of an alloy formed of two or more metals.
2.1.5
Core-shell catalyst
Contains a catalyst consisting of a core and a shell covering that core.
2.1.6
Electrocatalyst support
A substance used for carrying the electrocatalyst as a component of the electrode.
2.1.7
Electrolyte
A liquid or solid substance containing movable ions and thus having the ability of conducting ions.
2.1.8
Polymer electrolyte
A polymer that contains mobile ions and thus has an ion-conduction capability.
2.1.9
Proton Exchange Membrane; PEM
Polymer electrolyte membranes with a proton as the conductive charge.
GB/T 20042.1—2017
2.1.10
Non-fluorinated PEM
Proton exchange membrane without any fluorine atoms.
2.1.11
Sulfonated PEM
Proton-exchange membrane for conducting protons through the sulfonic acid group.
2.1.12
Perfluorinated PEM
A proton exchange membrane where all the hydrogen atoms in the polymer chain are replaced by fluorine atoms.
2.1.13
Composite membrane
Membranes composed of two or more materials.
2.1.14
Carbon cloth
A porous cloth woven from a carbon fiber.
2.1.15
Carbon paper, carbon paper
(With a carbonable binder).
2.1.16
fuel fuel
Material capable of being oxidized at the anode to produce free electrons.
2.1.17
Raw fuel
Unreformed fuel supplying the fuel cell power generation system from external sources.
2.1.18
Reformate
Hydrogen-rich gas converted by the raw fuel through the fuel reforming system.
2.1.19
Oxidant
Electrons can be reduced at the cathode.
2.1.20
Clean gaseous reactant
Reactive gas that is free of gas pollutants or low enough not to have any impact on the performance and life of fuel cells.
2.1.21
Contaminant
Substances present in the reaction gas or electrolyte (except water) at a very low concentration can affect the hydrogen oxidation or oxygen reduction catalytic activity of the electrode or the proton conduction capacity of the electrolyte, and then affect the performance or life of the battery.
2.2 Parts and functional areas
2.2.1
End plate
Located at both ends of the fuel cell stack current flow direction and used to deliver the required pressing force to the stacked stack assemblies.
GB/T 20042.1—2017
2.2.2
Current collector
Conductor plate located at both ends of the stack and used to conduct the current generated by the stack.
2.2.3
Polar plate
A conductive plate in a battery stack that separates a single battery, guides fluid flow, and conducts electrons.
2.2.4
Monopolar plate
One plate containing a flow field (and may also contain a heat transfer medium flow field) for the supply, distribution and discharge of the reactant (fuel or oxidant).
2.2.5
Bipolar plate
There are flow fields (or possibly the heat transfer medium) supplied, distributed and discharged by reactants (one side is fuel and oxidant on the other).
2.2.6
Flow field, flowfield
A combination of flow channels of various shapes processed on the plate for the access and (reasonable) distribution of reactants, reaction products or cooling medium.
2.2.7
Electrode
In contact with the electrolyte, providing an electrochemical reaction area and leads the electrochemical reaction into or from the electron conductor (or semiconductor) of the electrochemical reaction pool.
2.2.8
Anode
Electrodes where the oxidation reaction of the fuel occurs.
2.2.9
Cathode
Electrode where the reduction reaction of the oxidant occurs.
2.2.10
Catalyst layer
A thin layer containing electrocatalysts, often with ionic and electronic conductivity.
Note: In a fuel cell, one side of the catalytic layer is adjacent to the electrolyte membrane, forming a space region where electrochemical reactions can occur.
2.2.11
Gas diffusion layer; GDL
The porous base layer is placed between the catalytic layer and the plate, which allows the reactants to enter the catalytic layer and the reaction product to leave the catalytic layer.
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