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Classification and Advantages of GDL
Release time:
2025-07-11
GDL (gas diffusion layer) is a key component in energy conversion devices such as fuel cells and electrolyzers. It is mainly used to conduct gas, electrons and discharge reaction products (such as water). Its classification and advantages are as follows:
Classification of GDL
According to materials and structures, they are mainly divided into the following categories:
- By substrate type:
1）Carbon Fiber Paper: Made of carbon fiber, it has a hard texture, high mechanical strength, excellent air permeability and conductivity, and is one of the most commonly used types.
2）Carbon Fiber Cloth: woven from carbon fiber, with good flexibility, high porosity, and good gas diffusion performance, but its mechanical strength is slightly lower than that of carbon fiber paper.
3）Carbon Black Paper: Made from a mixture of carbon black and a binder, it is low-cost but has relatively weak conductivity and durability, making it suitable for use in scenarios where performance requirements are not high.
2. By surface treatment:
1）Untreated GDL: Consists of substrate only and requires a microporous layer (MPL) to optimize performance.
2）GDL with microporous layer (MPL): The substrate surface is coated with a layer of materials such as carbon black or carbon nanotubes to form a microporous layer, which can enhance water management capabilities and gas diffusion uniformity.
Advantages of GDL
1 Efficient conductivity: It has both good electrical conductivity (electron conduction) and permeability (gas conduction), ensuring efficient transmission of reaction gases and smooth flow of electrons.
2 Excellent water management capabilities: The water generated by the reaction is quickly discharged through the porous structure to avoid "flooding" while maintaining a certain humidity to maintain electrolyte activity.
3 Good mechanical properties: acid and alkali resistant, high temperature resistant, strong stability in complex reaction environments, and long service life.
4 Strong adaptability: Performance can be optimized by adjusting materials and structures according to the needs of different devices (such as proton exchange membrane fuel cells and electrolyzers), and it has a wide range of applications.
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